🧅 How to Cultivate Onions: Complete Guide for Successful Production in Rainy, Kharif, and Summer Seasons

Onion farming in India is considered a major cash crop activity.
Onions are grown in almost every state, especially in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Rajasthan. This crop can be cultivated during Kharif, Rabi, and Summer seasons.

In this article, we will learn:

• How to cultivate onions in the rainy season
• How to cultivate onions in the Kharif season
• How to cultivate onions in the summer season

This comprehensive guide will cover everything — from land preparation, seed selection, sowing techniques, irrigation, fertilizer management, pest and disease control, to harvesting and storage.

1. Field Preparation (What Kind of Soil is Best?) – Detailed Information

✅ 1.1 Type of Soil
For a good yield of onions, sandy loam, black soil, and loamy soil are considered best.
The land should be moist, crumbly, and well-drained so that onion bulbs can develop properly.
The soil should be deep and moisture-retentive, but there should be no waterlogging, as it can rot the onion roots.

✅ 1.2 Soil pH Level
The ideal soil pH for onion farming is between 6.0 and 7.5.
This helps in better nutrient absorption and promotes healthy plant growth.
If the soil is acidic (pH below 5.5), apply lime to balance the pH.

✅ 1.3 Soil Testing
Always conduct a soil test before starting cultivation.
This will help you know which nutrients are lacking in the soil.
You can get this service at your nearby Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) or State Agriculture Department.

✅ 1.4 Ploughing the Field
Plough the field 2 to 3 times deeply using a plough or rotavator to make the soil loose and even.
After each ploughing, use a leveler to retain moisture.
During the rainy season, always prepare raised beds to help in water drainage.

✅ 1.5 Use of Organic Manure
At the time of final ploughing, mix 20–25 tons of well-decomposed cow dung or compost per hectare in the field.
This improves soil fertility, structure, and its water-holding capacity.

✅ 1.6 Drainage Management
In monsoon or Kharif onion farming, protecting the crop from waterlogging is crucial.
Prepare raised beds of 4–5 inches and make proper drainage channels so excess water can flow out easily.

✅ 1.7 Land Levelling and Layout
Level the field properly or give it a slight slope so water flows in the right direction.
The Raised Bed technique is very helpful in onion farming, especially during the rainy season.

2. Seed Treatment and Selection – Complete Guide

✅ 2.1 Seed Selection
While selecting onion seeds, keep the following factors in mind:

🔹 Seed Quality:

• Seeds should be pure, disease-free, and purchased from a certified source.
• Germination capacity should be at least 80% or more.
• Seeds should be uniform in size, shiny, and have thin outer skin.

🔹 Popular Onion Varieties:

Variety Name	Special Features	Suitable Season
Nashik Red	Reddish color, medium-sized, good for storage	Kharif / Rabi
Arka Niketan	Early maturing, good storage capacity	Rabi
Bhootnath	Suitable for summer, high-yielding	Summer
Arka Kalyan	Pest & disease resistant, high market demand	Kharif / Summer
NHRDF Red	Advanced variety, uniform bulb size	All seasons

👉 You can purchase certified seeds from NHRDF (National Horticulture Research and Development Foundation) or ICAR-IIHR.

✅ 2.2 Seed Treatment
Seed treatment improves germination and protects the crop in its early stage from diseases. Follow these steps to protect onion seeds from fungal and bacterial infections:

🔹 Fungicide Treatment:

• Use Carbendazim (2g per kg of seed)
  or Thiram (3g per kg)
  or Mancozeb (2.5g per kg)
• Mix the seeds thoroughly with fungicide powder and dry them in the shade.

🔹 Biological Treatment (Organic Treatment):

• Use Trichoderma viride or Pseudomonas fluorescens at 5g per kg of seed.
• These protect seeds organically and promote beneficial microbes in the soil.

🔹 Salt Water Test (Saline Water Treatment):

• Soak seeds in 10% salt water.
• Discard the floating seeds (they are light and poor-quality).
• Use the sunken seeds, wash them with clean water, dry them, and then proceed with treatment.

✅ 2.3 Seed Rate (Quantity per Hectare):

Season	Seed Quantity (Per Hectare)
Kharif	8 – 10 kg
Rabi	10 – 12 kg
Summer	12 – 14 kg

Seed quantity also depends on whether you are doing nursery planting or direct sowing.

✅ 2.4 Seed Storage:

• Store seeds in a well-ventilated, cool, and dry place.
• Keep seeds in airtight containers or jute bags.
• Add dry neem leaves to avoid insect infestation.

📌 Pro Tips:

• Do not use old seeds (older than one year), as germination capacity reduces.
• During humid weather (like monsoon), seed treatment becomes even more important.
• For organic farming, treat seeds with gomutra (cow urine), neem leaf extract, or agnihotra ash.

3. Sowing: Right Time and Method – Detailed Information

✅ 3.1 Onion Cultivation Seasons in India
Onion is a versatile crop that can be cultivated three times a year — Kharif, Rabi, and Summer.

Season	Sowing Time	Transplanting Time	Harvest Time
Kharif	June – July	July – August	October – November
Rabi	October – November	November – December	March – April
Summer	January – February	February – March	May – June

👉 Note: Sowing and transplanting periods may vary depending on local climate and rainfall.

✅ 3.2 Nursery Bed Preparation

🔹 Why Nursery is Needed:
Onion cultivation typically begins with sowing seeds in a nursery. This helps in raising healthy seedlings, which are then transplanted into the main field.

🔹 Size and Direction of Nursery Beds:

• Beds should be 1 meter wide and 3–4 meters long.
• Leave 30 cm wide drainage channels between beds to ensure proper water flow.
• North–South orientation is ideal for better sunlight exposure.

🔹 Seed Quantity for Nursery:
For 1 hectare of main field, you need 8–12 kg of seeds in the nursery.

🔹 Sowing Method in Nursery:

• Sow seeds at a depth of 1 cm under light shade.
• Cover seeds with a thin layer of soil and dry straw or grass to retain moisture.

✅ 3.3 Transplanting Time and Method

🔹 When to Transplant:

• Transplant seedlings 40–45 days after sowing, when they are 10–15 cm tall.
• Gently wash roots with water to remove soil before planting.

🔹 Pre-transplanting Preparation:

• Irrigate the field 12–24 hours before transplanting to soften the soil.
• Keep seedlings under shade for a few hours to reduce transplanting shock.

🔹 Transplanting Guidelines:

Spacing Type	Distance
Row-to-row	15–20 cm
Plant-to-plant	10–12 cm
Planting depth	2–3 cm

• Transplant seedlings upright and press the soil gently around the base.
• Apply light irrigation immediately after transplanting.

✅ 3.4 Direct Sowing (When Nursery Is Not Feasible)
In some regions, especially during summer or in commercial farming, seeds are directly sown into the main field.

🔹 Direct Sowing Method:

• Prepare the field thoroughly and create proper beds.
• Use a seed drill or sow by hand at a depth of 1–1.5 cm.
• Give light irrigation after sowing.

🔹 Caution:

• Direct sowing requires more attention to weed control and irrigation.

✅ 3.5 Raised Bed or Ridge & Furrow Method
This method is especially effective for onion farming during the rainy season.

🔹 Benefits:

• Improved drainage, preventing water stagnation.
• Prevents root rot and diseases.
• Enhances overall crop growth and bulb development.

📌 Key Tips:

• Provide light irrigation 5–7 days after transplanting to help seedlings establish.
• Avoid deep planting, as it can hamper bulb formation.
• During Kharif season, use polythene sheets or net covers to protect from heavy rain.

4. Irrigation: How Often and How? – Complete Guide

✅ 4.1 Importance of Irrigation in Onion Farming
Onion is a shallow-rooted crop, which means it needs regular and controlled irrigation for proper growth.
Irrigation directly affects bulb size, quality, taste, and storability.

🔴 Both over-irrigation and under-irrigation are harmful:

• Excess water → Root rot, pests, and diseases
• Less water → Small bulbs, poor yield

✅ 4.2 Irrigation Schedule by Season

Season	Irrigation Interval	Special Note
Kharif	Every 7–10 days (if no rain)	Ensure proper drainage during rainfall
Summer	Every 5–6 days	Maintain consistent moisture in soil
Rabi	Every 10–12 days	Protect crop from frost

👉 Note: Sandy soil needs more frequent irrigation, while black or loamy soil retains moisture longer and may need less frequent watering.

✅ 4.3 Critical Irrigation Stages
There are specific growth stages in onion farming when irrigation is essential:

1. Immediately after transplanting:
   Light watering helps seedlings to settle well.
2. Root development stage (20–25 days after transplanting):
   Provide sufficient moisture to support strong root growth.
3. Bulb development stage (40–60 days):
   This is the most critical phase. Proper irrigation at this time increases bulb size and quality.
4. 10–12 days before harvesting:
   Stop irrigation to allow bulbs to dry properly, which helps in better storage.

✅ 4.4 Irrigation Methods

🔹 1. Sprinkler Irrigation

• Saves water
• However, can increase the risk of foliar diseases like leaf blight – use with caution

🔹 2. Drip Irrigation

• The most modern and efficient method
• Directly delivers water to roots, enhancing quality and yield
• Also saves water and fertilizers

🔹 3. Furrow Irrigation (by Channels)

• A traditional and common method
• Also suitable for raised bed cultivation
• Ensure proper drainage to avoid water stagnation

✅ 4.5 Onion Farming During Rainy Season: Water Management is Crucial
Managing excess water is more important than irrigation during monsoons.

• Create raised beds in the field
• Keep channels deep and wide for easy outflow of excess rainwater
• During continuous rains, no irrigation is needed, but proper drainage is a must

✅ 4.6 Precautions in Irrigation

• Avoid heavy flooding, which hardens the soil and negatively impacts bulb growth
• Do not irrigate before harvesting – it can cause bulb rot and reduce storage life
• Prevent waterlogging in the field, especially during Kharif and monsoon season

📌 Expert Tips:

• Before irrigating, check soil moisture by inserting your finger – if soil feels moist, delay irrigation
• Follow the principle of “less water, more frequently” for onions
• Combine irrigation with weed control to improve water utilization

5. Fertilizer Management in Onion Farming – Complete Guide

✅ 5.1 Importance of Fertilizer Management
Onion crops need balanced nutrition for optimal growth and high yield. The key nutrients are:

• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorus (P)
• Potash (K)

Proper and timely fertilizer application:

• Improves bulb size and weight
• Protects against diseases
• Increases yield by 20–30%

✅ 5.2 Balanced Use of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers

🔹 Organic Manure:

• Apply 20–25 tons per hectare of well-decomposed farmyard manure (FYM) or compost during land preparation.
• Improves soil texture, water-holding capacity, and microbial activity.

🔹 Green Manure:

• Grow Dhaincha or Sunhemp in the field 30–40 days before sowing onions.
• Plough them into the soil to naturally add organic nitrogen.

✅ 5.3 Recommended Dose of Chemical Fertilizers

Fertilizer	Quantity per Hectare	Application Timing
Nitrogen (N)	100–120 kg	50% at sowing, 50% after 30 days
Phosphorus (P₂O₅)	50–60 kg	Full dose at sowing
Potash (K₂O)	40–50 kg	Full dose at sowing
Sulphur	20–25 kg	Along with sowing
Zinc, Boron	As per need	Based on soil test report

👉 Note: Always adjust fertilizer quantity based on local soil test results.

✅ 5.4 Methods of Fertilizer Application

🔹 Basal Dose:
Apply half of Nitrogen, full Phosphorus, and Potash at the time of sowing or transplanting by mixing in the soil.

🔹 Top Dressing:
Apply the remaining half of Nitrogen 30–35 days after transplanting.
If the weather is dry, irrigate lightly after top dressing.

✅ 5.5 Fertigation via Drip Irrigation

Fertilizers can be mixed in water and applied directly to the root zone using the drip irrigation system.

Benefits:

• Saves 30–40% fertilizer
• Ensures uniform nutrient supply
• Enhances growth and yield

You can also follow a weekly fertigation schedule during the growth cycle.

✅ 5.6 Precautions in Fertilizer Use

• Do not store fertilizers in moist conditions, as moisture reduces their effectiveness.
• Avoid overuse of Nitrogen, which leads to weak and small bulbs.
• Apply fertilizers based on leaf color, plant growth, and bulb size.
• If weeds are present, the fertilizers won’t be fully effective. Ensure weed control before fertilizer application.

✅ 5.7 Deficiency Symptoms of Major Nutrients

Nutrient	Deficiency Symptoms
Nitrogen	Leaves turn pale yellow
Phosphorus	Leaves become dark green, growth slows
Potash	Leaf tips dry and turn brown
Sulphur	Young leaves appear light yellow

📌 Pro Tip:
Always prefer integrated nutrient management – combining organic and chemical fertilizers. This improves soil health, reduces input cost, and promotes sustainable onion farming.

6. Pest and Disease Control in Onion Farming – Complete Guide

Controlling pests and diseases is crucial for healthy onion crop growth and high yield. Below is a detailed guide covering major insects, diseases, organic methods, and preventive measures.

✅ 6.1 Major Insect Pests in Onion Farming

🔹 1. Thrips (Thrips tabaci)
Identification:

• Silvery streaks on leaves
• Leaves become curled and dry
• Bulbs become small and light

Control:

• Spray Neem oil at 5 ml per litre of water
• Use Imidacloprid at 0.3 ml/litre
• Install pheromone traps or yellow sticky traps

🔹 2. Onion Maggot (Delia antiqua)
Identification:

• White maggots attack the roots
• Plants start drying and withering

Control:

• Apply Trichoderma and neem cake to the soil
• Spray Chlorpyrifos at 2.5 ml/litre of water

🔹 3. Leaf Eating Caterpillars
Identification:

• Leaves appear chewed and torn

Control:

• Spray Spinosad at 1 ml/litre or use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)

✅ 6.2 Major Diseases in Onion Farming

🔹 1. Purple Blotch (Alternaria porri)
Symptoms:

• Purple spots on leaves
• Leaves eventually dry out

Control:

• Spray Mancozeb at 2 grams/litre
• Remove and destroy infected leaves from the field

🔹 2. Downy Mildew (Peronospora destructor)
Symptoms:

• Grey fungus appears on leaves
• Spreads rapidly in cool and moist conditions

Control:

• Spray a mixture of Metalaxyl + Mancozeb at 2.5 grams/litre
• Ensure proper drainage and reduce humidity in the field

🔹 3. Stemphylium Blight
Symptoms:

• Leaves turn yellow and dry prematurely

Control:

• Spray Propineb or Chlorothalonil as recommended

🔹 4. White Rot (Sclerotium cepivorum)
Symptoms:

• White fungal growth near the roots

Control:

• Burn infected plants immediately
• Mix neem cake or Trichoderma into the soil
• Practice crop rotation to prevent recurrence

✅ 6.3 Organic Pest Management Methods

Organic Method	Application
Neem Extract	Spray 5% boiled neem leaf solution
Cow Urine Solution	Mix 10% cow urine + garlic + chili and spray
Trichoderma	Apply 5 grams per kg seed during seed treatment and in soil

✅ 6.4 Preventive Measures for Pest & Disease Control

• Crop Rotation: Avoid growing onions in the same field every year.
• Seed Treatment: Use either organic or chemical methods before sowing.
• Proper Drainage: Especially important during rainy seasons.
• Certified Seeds: Always use disease-free and certified seeds or seedlings.
• Weed Control: Weeds act as hosts for pests and diseases, remove them regularly.

📌 Expert Tip:
Always monitor your field regularly. Early detection and prompt treatment are the key to protecting your onion crop from major losses.

7. Weed Management in Onion Farming – Complete Guide

Effective weed control is essential to ensure healthy onion crop growth and maximize yield. Weeds compete with crops for nutrients, water, space, and can host pests and diseases. Here’s a detailed guide on weed management practices in onion cultivation.

✅ 7.1 Why Are Weeds Harmful in Onion Farming?

• Weeds compete with onion plants for nutrients, moisture, and sunlight.
• They host insects and diseases, making the crop vulnerable.
• They lower the quality and yield of the onion crop.
• Weeds hinder manual and machine harvesting operations.

✅ 7.2 Common Weeds Found in Onion Fields

Weed Name	Identification
Cynodon dactylon (Doob Grass)	Creeping thin green grass
Cyperus rotundus (Nut Grass / Mottha)	Small dark leaves, underground tubers
Chenopodium album (Bathua)	Broad green leafy plant
Commelina spp. (Krishna Neel)	Grows in moist areas, soft and spreading leaves

✅ 7.3 Methods of Weed Control in Onion Farming

🔹 1. Mechanical Control (Manual Methods)

Method	Description
Hand Weeding	Weed manually after 15–20 days and again at 40–45 days
Using Hoe or Sickle	Useful for dense weeds, remove from roots
Mulching	Cover soil with straw, black plastic, or mulch sheets to prevent weed growth

👉 Best suited for organic onion farming.

🔹 2. Chemical Weed Control

Herbicide Name	Dosage per Hectare	Application Time
Pendimethalin 30% EC	3.3 liters	Post-sowing but before germination (Pre-emergence)
Oxyfluorfen / Oxy-dazonil	0.75–1.0 liters	15–20 days after germination (Post-emergence)

👉 Precautions:

• Use correct nozzle type and follow recommended dosage.
• Avoid irrigation immediately after spraying, especially during rainy season.

🔹 3. Organic Weed Management Methods

Method	Benefits
Cow urine-based spray	Gradually controls weeds without harming soil
Mulching	Prevents new weed growth and retains soil moisture
Repeated Manual Weeding	Eco-friendly and safe for soil and crops

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✅ 7.4 Best Timing for Weed Control in Onion Fields

Days After Sowing	Activity
0–5 days	Pre-emergence spray (Pendimethalin)
15–20 days	First weeding or post-emergence spray
30–45 days	Second manual weeding and cleaning
60–70 days	Final weeding (if needed)

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✅ 7.5 Weed Control Benefits in Raised Bed Method

• Precise use of water and fertilizers
• Easier weed management
• Especially useful in rainy season onion farming

📌 Expert Tips for Effective Weed Management:

• Remove weeds before flowering – this prevents them from producing seeds and spreading.
• Avoid excessive use of herbicides – it can harm soil health and the environment.
• A combination of organic and mechanical methods is most sustainable and safe.

8. Harvesting and Storage of Onion – Complete Guide

Proper harvesting and storage of onions play a crucial role in maintaining quality, shelf life, and market value. Here’s everything a farmer must know:

✅ 8.1 Right Time for Harvesting

Harvesting onions too early or too late can reduce yield and quality. Timely identification is important.

🔍 How to Know Onions Are Ready to Harvest?

Sign	Description
✅ 50–70% of leaves wilt	Leaves change from green to yellow
✅ Neck softens	Top part dries and bends easily
✅ Bulbs fully mature	Shiny, tight outer skin develops

👉 Harvesting Months:

• Summer crop: April – May
• Kharif crop: November – December
• Rainy season: Ensure proper drainage before harvesting

✅ 8.2 Harvesting Method

• Irrigate lightly 2–3 days before harvesting – this softens the soil for easy lifting.
• Harvest bulbs gently using a hoe, spade, or by hand.
• Do not wash onions; just brush off the soil.
• Sun-dry the bulbs for 3–5 days until outer layers dry and neck tightens.
• After drying, cut the top leaves leaving 2–3 cm neck.

✅ 8.3 Curing Before Storage

Curing means drying the onions properly to make them storage-ready.

Stage	Description
Sun-drying	5–7 days under open sunlight immediately after harvesting
Leaf drying	Neck to outer layers should dry completely
Skin tightens	Dry, shiny outer skin forms

👉 Curing prevents fungal infections and rot during storage.

✅ 8.4 Storage Techniques

🔹 1. Traditional Storage

Feature	Description
Storage room	Well-ventilated, dry, and shaded
Platform height	1–2 feet above ground using bamboo or wood
Shade	Avoid direct sunlight and rain
Pile height	Not more than 3–4 feet for airflow

🔹 2. Scientific Storage (NHRDF Model)

Feature	Description
Structure	Steel or bamboo framed storage unit
Platform height	1.5 feet above ground with slatted floor
Ventilation	Open sides for continuous air movement
Roof	Tin or tile to protect from heat and rain

✅ 8.5 Storage Precautions

• Ensure onions are completely dry before storing.
• Remove damaged, cut, or sprouting bulbs – they rot faster.
• Protect storage area from rain or excessive humidity.
• Maintain 60–70% humidity and 25–30°C temperature inside the store.

✅ 8.6 Best Varieties for Storage

Variety Name	Storage Suitability
Nashik Red	High (3–4 months)
Arka Niketan	Moderate
Bhootnath	Good
Arka Kalyan	Excellent

✅ 8.7 Storage Issues and Solutions

Problem	Solution
Sprouting	Store in cool, shady, and dry place
Rotting	Regularly sort and ensure ventilation
Fungal infection	Cure properly, add dry neem leaves during storage

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📌 Pro Tips:

• Never wash onions before storage.
• Do not store onions in plastic bags or sealed containers – they trap moisture and cause rotting.
• Check stored onions every 15–20 days and remove any rotting or sprouting ones.

9. Profit and Cost of Onion Cultivation (Per Hectare)

Understanding the cost and potential profit is essential before starting onion farming. Below is an estimated breakdown:

Component	Estimated Cost (per hectare)
Seeds	₹10,000 – ₹15,000
Fertilizers	₹8,000 – ₹10,000
Labor & Irrigation	₹15,000 – ₹20,000
Pesticides, Insecticides	₹5,000 – ₹8,000
Total Cost	₹40,000 – ₹50,000
Yield	150 – 250 quintals (15,000 – 25,000 kg)
Estimated Profit	₹1,20,000 – ₹2,00,000

📌 Note:
Profitability varies based on:

• Location
• Soil quality and irrigation availability
• Crop season (Kharif, Rabi, or Summer)
• Market price at the time of sale

Farmers selling directly in local markets or mandis may earn higher profits compared to those selling through middlemen.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) – Onion Farming in India

Q1: How to do onion farming during the rainy season?

Answer:
Use the Raised Bed or Ridge & Furrow method for better drainage. Choose disease-resistant varieties and treat the soil with fungicide or disinfectants before sowing to prevent rot and fungal infections.

Q2: When should Kharif onion be sown?

Answer:
Sow seeds between June and July and transplant in late July to early August. Ensure proper drainage and apply pest/disease control measures during this season.

Q3: Which are the best onion varieties in India?

Answer:
Top-performing and storage-friendly varieties include:

• Nashik Red
• Arka Niketan
• Arka Kalyan
• Bhootnath
• Agrotech Lal (for summer)

Q4: How often should irrigation be done in onion farming?

Answer:

Season	Irrigation Frequency
Summer	Every 5–6 days
Rabi	Every 10–12 days
Kharif	Every 7–10 days (if no rain)

👉 Light and regular watering is necessary for good bulb development.

Q5: What is the seed rate for onion farming?

Answer:

Sowing Method	Seed Quantity per Hectare
Nursery Transplant	8–12 kg
Direct Sowing	15–20 kg

Q6: What are the common pests and diseases in onions?

Answer:

• Major pests: Thrips, Whitefly, Onion Maggot
• Common diseases: Purple Blotch, Downy Mildew, Stemphylium Blight
  ✅ Use organic or chemical sprays timely to manage them effectively.

Q7: When is the right time to harvest onions?

Answer:
90–110 days after transplanting, when:

• 50–70% leaves wilt and turn yellow
• Neck softens and bends
• Bulbs reach full size and shiny skin

Q8: What is the best soil for onion cultivation?

Answer:
Sandy loam soil with good drainage and a pH between 6.0 – 7.5 is ideal.

Q9: Which is the most effective irrigation method for onions?

Answer:
Drip irrigation is most efficient — it saves water, delivers nutrients directly to roots, and improves yield.

Q10: What precautions should be taken during onion storage?

Answer:

• Ensure bulbs are fully dried (cured)
• Store in shaded, well-ventilated areas
• Use racks or platforms 1–2 feet above ground
• Remove damaged or rotten bulbs
• Protect from rain and high humidity

Q11: What is the biggest challenge in onion farming during monsoon?

Answer:
Waterlogging and fungal diseases are major issues. To avoid this, use Raised Bed farming, ensure proper drainage, and avoid excess irrigation.

🌐 External Useful Links

1. ICAR – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR)
   🔗 https://iihr.res.in
   This institute provides research, improved varieties, and advanced techniques for horticultural crops including onions.
2. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Portal
   🔗 https://agriculture.vikaspedia.in
   A dedicated platform for farmers in every district offering training, expert advice, and technical support.
3. Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC)
   🔗 https://sfacindia.com
   A national-level organization that supports small farmers with agribusiness guidance, market linkages, and financial assistance.

✍️ Conclusion

Onion farming can be highly profitable if done using scientific methods. Proper field preparation at the right time, use of improved seeds, balanced application of fertilizers, and timely pest and disease management can lead to high yields. Whether you plan to cultivate onions during the monsoon, in the Kharif season, or in summer, this guide will help you grow a successful and productive onion crop in your field.

If you found this information useful, please share it with other farmers and be sure to explore more crop-related guides on SubsistenceFarming.in. 🌾